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The
Airbus
A310 is a
medium- to long-range wide body airliner developed from the Airbus A300 and
manufactured by Airbus Industrie.
Perhaps the greatest attribute of the A310 is that of range. The A310-300's
range exceeds all A300 models and the -200 exceeds all A300 models in range
except the A300-600. This quality has led to the aircraft being used extensively
on transatlantic routes. The A300 and A310 introduced the concept of commonality
which has become one of the Airbus family's greatest marketing points - A300-600
and A310 pilots can qualify for the other aircraft with only one day of
training.
Beginnings
The aircraft was formally launched in July 1978 for Lufthansa and Swissair. A
further development of the A300, the aircraft was initially designated the A300
B10. Essentially a "baby" A300, the main differences in the two aircraft are
Shortened fuselage
- same cross section, providing capacity of about 200.
Redesigned wing
- designed by British Aerospace who rejoined Airbus consortium
Smaller vertical fin
The A310 is marketed as an excellent introduction to wide body operations for
developing airlines. With the Airbus A330 now a major success, further orders
for the A310 are unlikely. Between 1983 and 1997 255 A310s were delivered by
Airbus. The A300 and A310 established Airbus as a major competitor to Boeing and
allowed it to go ahead with the more ambitious A330/A340 family.
Models
The first A310 was the 162nd Airbus off the production line, the aircraft made
its maiden flight in April 1982 powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9Ds. The -200
entered service with Swissair and Lufthansa a year later.
A310-300
First flown in July 1985, the -300 has an increased MTOW and an increase in
range, provided by additional centre and horizontal stabilizer (trim-tank) fuel
tanks. This model also introduced winglets to improve aerodynamic efficiency -
since retrofitted to some -200s. The aircraft entered service in 1986, again
with Swissair.
A310-C
The convertible model can be produced from either model, taking the designations
A310-200C and -300C.
A310-F
No production freighters were produced, operators (e.g. FedEx) instead adapting
ex-airline A310s.
A310 MRTT
The A310 has long been operated by many of the world's air forces as a pure
transport, however some are now being converted to the Multi Role Tanker
Transport configuration by EADS, providing an aerial refuelling capability.
Six have been ordered; four by the German Luftwaffe and two by the Canadian
Forces. Deliveries began in 2004. Three are being converted at EADS' Elbe
Flugzeugwerke (EFW) in Dresden, Germany; the other three at Lufthansa Technik in
Hamburg, Germany.
Accident summary
- Hull-loss Accidents: 6 with a total of 518 fatalities
- Hijackings: 10 with a total of 5 fatalities
- Other Incidents: Rudder partially fell off a Air Transat flight
Specifications (A310)
General characteristics
- Crew: 2
- Capacity: 220 (2 class) or 280 (1 class)
- Length: 46.66 m (153 ft)
- Wingspan: 43.9 m (144 ft)
- Height: 15.8 m (51 ft)
- Wing area: 219 m² (2360 ft²)
- Empty: 80,800 kg ( lb)
- Maximum takeoff: 164,000 kg ( lb)
- Power plant: Two Pratt & Whitney PW4152 or General Electric CF6-80
turbofans, 262 kN (59,000 lbf) thrust
Performance
- Maximum speed: 897 km/h ( mph)
- Range: 9,600 km (5,200 miles)
- Service ceiling: 41,000 m (12,500 ft)
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